Although Jharkhand is among the less urbanized states of India, the state has been witnessing rapid growth of urban population in recent decades. As per the 2001 Census, 60 lakh persons comprising 22.25 per cent of the state's population were residing in towns and cities. It is estimated that the urban population of Jharkhand will grow rapidly to reach 93 lakh by 2026. Along with rapid urbanization, there is a rapid growth of the urban poor population in Jharkhand. As per estimates of the National Sample Survey Organization, 13.2 lakh persons comprising 20.2 per cent of the state's urban population is living below poverty line. However, estimates of the Jharkhand government put the slum population at around 40 per cent of the total urban population. The urban poor rarely benefit from the facilities in urban areas and are as deprived as those in rural areas. The health of the urban poor is considerably worse off than the non poor and is comparable to the rural figures.
This wall chart presents health of the urban poor in Jharkhand compared with other population groups based on an analysis of the Third National Family Health Survey conducted in 2005-06. A wealth index has been developed based on 33 assets and household characteristics. The bottom quartile in urban areas is taken as the representative of the urban poor.
Maharashtra is the second most urbanized state in India. It has an urban population of 4.1 crore comprising 42.4% of the state's population which is expected to be double by the year 2026. It is estimated that 1.46 crore persons comprising 32.2 % of the urban population of the state live below the poverty line. Maharashtra has the highest urban poor population in India and is rapidly growing. The urban poor rarely benefit from the facilities in urban areas and are as deprived as those in the rural areas. The health of the slum communities is considerably worse off than the non poor in urban areas and is comparable to the rural figures.
This wall chart presents health of the urban poor in Maharashtra compared with other population groups based on an analysis of the Third National Family Health Survey conducted in 2005-06. A wealth index which measures the economic status of households has been developed based on 33 assets and household characteristics. The bottom quartile in urban areas is taken as the representative of the urban poor.
The National Family Health Survey (NFHS) is a national level household survey to gather information on fertility, family planning, infant and child mortality, reproductive health, child health, nutrition of women and children, and the quality of health and family welfare services. The latest round conducted in 2005-06 (NFHS-3) sample represented more than 99 percent of India’s population living in all 29 states. The NFHS reports which present health indicators disaggregated by urban and rural areas mask the inherent differences which exist within urban areas.
In order to understand the health conditions of the urban poor, Urban Health Resource Centre (UHRC) undertook the analysis of the NFHS datasets by Wealth Index. The Wealth Index is a summary measure which reflects the economic status of the household by considering the household amenities and assets. The disaggregated health indicators by economic groups within urban areas presented in the above tables reveal the poor health conditions among the urban poor population and the sharp disparities which exist in urban areas.
The urban poor population in Rajasthan has been increasing rapidly in recent decades along with rapid urbanization.As per the 2001 Census, 1.32 crore persons comprising 23.4 percent of the total population were living in towns and cities of Rajasthan. It is estimated that 47.51 lakh persons comprising 32.9 per cent of the urban population of the state live below the poverty line. Urban Poverty in Rajasthan is almost double that in rural areas of the state. The urban poor rarely benefit from the facilities in urban areas and are as deprived as those in the rural areas. The health of the slum communities is considerably worse off than the non poor in urban area and is comparable to the rural figures.
This wall chart presents health of the urban poor in Rajasthan compared with other population groups based on an analysis of the Third National Family Health Survey conducted in 2005-06. A wealth index which measures the economic status of households has been developed based on 33 assets and household characteristics. The bottom quartile in urban areas is taken as the representative of the urban poor.
